中国行政成本省际差异研究——基于1998—2003年时期的数据分析

The Study of Administrative Cost in Public Sectors among Chinese Provinces:Based on the Data Analysis during 1998-2003

中国在转型的过程中,每届政府都会将行政改革和经济改革作为本届政府的首要目标,努力调适与市场经济相适应的政府规模,削减行政支出,重塑政府机构。其中以1998年政府改革最为彻底,在中央的强势推动下,各省效仿中央机构的改革,纷纷压缩政府机构,削减行政成本。由于各省在财力分配框架、经济、社会、政治环境,以及和中央的关系上表现各异,从而导致各省履行中央削减行政成本的承诺的表现并不一致。具体表现为,有的省份在行政成本控制上较好,而有的省份却较差。针对于此,论文探讨了1998年—2003年政府改革过程中行政成本省际差异的情况及其原因。采用五年三十个省的面板数据建立模型,描述了行政成本省际差异的现状,并对其产生的原因进行进一步的面板模型分析,其经验结果表明,行政成本省际差异主要是由需求层面造成的(如各省的经济发展水平,行政区划),同时供给层面因素(如各省官民比)也产生一定的影响。

During the time of economic transformation,the central government leaders have launched administrative reform and economic reform as their primary objectives when they came into the power.They have made effort to adjust government scale in order to adapt to the market,and cut down the administrative expenditure,rebuild the government department.However,among these reformations,only the reform drove by Zhu Rongji administration made a great leap.Following the lead of the central government,provinces began to downsize and streamline public departments.But,there are differences of the frame of financial distribution,economic-social environment and political behavior among provinces,which results in provinces did not keep the same pace on the commitment of reducing administrative cost.Specifically,some provinces well control the administrative cost and some don't.The research adopted 5years panal data to discuss the reason of the difference of administrative cost.And the result indicates that,the major reasons of the differences of province administrative cost are driven by demand(economic level,administrative distinct),and supply(government employee scale) also exert some effect.