自发性高血压大鼠主动脉弓重建的形态学研究

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON REMODELING OF THE AORTIC ARCH IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

目的 研究高血压动脉重建规律，为揭示高血压主动脉弓的血流动力学特点提供形态学基础。 方法 应用组织学和计算机图像分析技术，对３６ 例ＳＨＲ和ＷＫＹ大鼠（各分４周、１６ 周和２６ 周）主动脉弓进行定量形态学研究。 结果 随着年龄增长，大鼠主动脉弓形态和显微结构发生重建。高血压主动脉弓重建以壁厚、中膜厚、管壁面积、中膜面积和中膜厚内径比以及血管平滑肌、弹性纤维和胶原纤维等结构成分的相对含量显著增大为特征。 结论 ＳＨＲ成年以前主动脉重建是年龄不断增长和血压逐步升高综合作用的结果，其中高血压是主要因素。大鼠主动脉弓形态结构在血管周向呈显著非均匀性，并在高血压重建中变得更为显著。

Objective\ To provide essential morphological data for research concerning biomechanics and hemodynamics of the vessel, and for further research on the law of vascular remodeling in hypertension,a morphological quantitative study was conducted.\ Methods Thirty six aortic arch specimens of SHR and WKY rats(divided into 4w, 16w and 26w groups respectively) were used. After fixation under 120mmHg (16kPa) pressure, the aortic arch was cross sectioned at the sites proximal to the origin of the three branches.The sections were stained so as to reveal the elastin, collagen and smooth muscle, and then were analyzed by the computer image system.\ Results Hypertension leads to increases in wall thickness, cross sectional wall area, media:lumen ratio and relative area(Aa%) of elastin, collagen and smooth muscle in the aortic arch. The media thickness and Aa% of the microstructural components in different circumferential directions of the aortic arch are unequal significantly in SHR and WKY. \ Conclusion Before adulthood, the remodeling of the aortic arch in SHR is a comprehensive effect of hypertension and aging, of which hypertension is more important. The inequality of structure of the aortic arch exists all along during growth and the development of hypertension, and becomes more significant during the remodeling in hypertension.