综合医院门诊患者骨质疏松认知调查分析

An assessment of osteoporosis awareness in older patients of out-patient clinic

目的本研究通过对综合医院门诊就诊患者的问卷调查及骨密度测定,了解该群体的骨质疏松患病率及认知度,为门诊就诊患者进行骨质疏松症的教育、预防及治疗提供依据。方法采用自愿参与,发放自制调查问卷的方式,于2009年9月至2010年3月,在卫生部中日友好医院门诊部,对50岁以上的中老年人群进行骨质疏松症的筛查,并同时应用双能X线骨密度仪测定骨密度。结果被调查者中对骨质疏松症的认知度为25.9%,坚持补充钙剂预防骨质疏松者比例低,性别、年龄、体重指数、是否服用钙剂、脆性骨折史对骨密度均有明显影响,骨密度下降发生率与女性、高龄、低体重指数呈明显正相关,与曾经服用钙剂呈负相关。总体人群骨量下降及骨质疏松患病率高,共65.3%。结论北京地区门诊就诊的中老年人群骨密度下降及骨质疏松症的患病率较高,对骨质疏松症的认知率低。年龄>60岁、女性和体重过轻的人群是骨质疏松症发生的危险人群。医务工作者应重视这个群体,选择性进行骨密度检测,并给予相应的治疗。

Objective Osteoporosis is often undiagnosed and untreated worldwide and especially in China. Individuals with several risk factors, including older age, having some diseases and taking some drugs which would cause osteoporosis, were not more likely to be diagnosed or treated. This study aimed to identify patient characteristics associated with osteoporosis among those older people who went to out-patient clinics for some health problems. Methods In this cross-sectional study, an osteoporosis knowledge assessment questionnaire was used to collect data and it was delivered through a face-to-face interview during patients visiting out-patient clinic of China-Japan Friendship Hospital. A patient sample （ n = 616） comprised of three groups of patients aged 50-60 years, 61-70 years, and over 70 years was taken. Data statistical analyses were performed by SPSS versionl2. 0. Results Respondents had a mean age of 64.3 years （range 50-80） and a mean body mass Index （BMI） of 23.85 （range 16.1-39.2）. 20.4% patients had light trauma fracture history, and 25.9% patients had history of osteoporosis. 41.8% of patients had taken calcium supplements in their daily life. Only 12.2% had taken active VitD and 11.2% of patients had been ordered BMD （DEXA） test before. With Regression Analysis, older age, lower BMI and gender of women have positive correlation with BMD decrease, and calcium supplement has negative correlation. Conclusion Older individuals in out-patients clinics may have more known osteoporosis risk factors, but not be sufficiently targeted for screening and treatment. Measures should be taken to improve osteoporosis identification and treatment in these groups of patients with high-risk factors of osteoporosis.