重庆市主城区小学生心理健康的流行病学调查

A survey of mental health of pupils in grade 4 to 6 from primary schools in Chongqing downtown

目的：了解我市主城区小学生心理健康状况,为进一步干预提供科学依据。方法：采用分层随机抽样的方法对重庆市主城区3 647名4~6年级小学生,用心理健康诊断测验（Mental health test,MHT）进行横断面调查研究。结果：小学生心理健康问题总分检出率为3%,女生的学习焦虑、身体症状因子分显著高于男生,而男生的孤独倾向分更高。4年级的孤独倾向、身体症状因子分显著高于其它年级;5年级的学习焦虑、过敏倾向、冲动倾向因子分显著高于其他年级;6年级的自责倾向、恐怖倾向因子分显著高于其他年级。农民工小学的孤独倾向、恐怖倾向因子分及普通小学的身体症状因子分显著高于重点小学学生。结论：重庆市主城区高年级小学生心理健康状况不容乐观,需采取有针对性的干预措施。

Objective：To study the mental health conditions of the pupils in Chongqing downtown for further intervention.Methods：3612 pupils in Grade 4~6 in Chongqing downtown,after stratified random sampling,were examined by mental health test（MHT）.Results：3% of the students suffered from mental health problems.The scores of girls were significantly higher than those of boys on learning anxiety and body symptoms,while the scores of boys were significantly higher than those of girls on loneliness.The scores on loneliness and body symptoms in Grade 4,on learning anxiety,sensitiveness and impulse tendency in Grade 5,and on self-blame and fear tendency in Grade 6 were significantly higher than those in the other Grades.The scores on loneliness and fear tendency among the pupils in schools mainly for rural migrant laborers＇ children,and on body symptoms among the students from ordinary primary schools were significantly higher than those from key primary schools.Conclusion：The mental health conditions of pupils in higher grades are not satisfying in Chongqing,and targeted intervention should be taken.