从“实践存在论”出发定义“价值”概念

Defining Conception of ‘Value' in Light of ‘Practical Ontology'

"实践存在论"是马克思主义哲学的基本观点。从实践存在论的视角出发，"价值"就必然只能被了解为一种客观存在的关系现象，而不可能是纯粹自在的价值实体，或事物自身的属性，或人的主观方面的东西。只有人人相同的"类性需要"才能作为价值的终极尺度；以人的类性需要为终极尺度的价值关系，必然具有价值意义上的绝对有效性。

Practical ontology' is the basic viewpoint of Marxist philosophy. In the light of practical ontology, value must not be considered as something purely substancein-itself, nor something related to its sheer natural property, nor something subject to the subjectivity of the human being. Instead, it should only be regarded as an objectively existing phenomenon of relation. Only 'the needs of human nature' shared by everybody can act as the ultimate yardstick of value, and the value relation based on the ultimate yardstick for human needs inevitably possesses absolute effectiveness in the sense of value.