慢性铝中毒对大鼠海马CA3区神经胶质细胞的影响

Effects of chronic aluminum toxicity on neuroglial cells in the hippocampal CA3 area of rats

目的观察慢性铝中毒对大鼠海马CA3区神经胶质细胞的影响,探讨铝的神经毒性。方法随机将4～5月龄SD大鼠60只分为铝中毒组和正常对照组各30只,雌雄各半。常规石蜡切片,经HE染色定位,胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、CD11b、半乳糖脑苷脂(GC)免疫组化染色,对海马CA3区GFAP、CD11b、GC阳性反应细胞计数,用细胞形态学计量方法测量GFAP、CD11b、GC阳性反应产物的平均光密度值,透射电镜观察海马CA3区神经胶质细胞超微结构的变化。结果 与正常对照组比较,铝中毒组大鼠GFAP、CD11b阳性细胞数量增多,阳性产物平均光密度值增高;GC阳性细胞数量减少,阳性产物平均光密度值降低;电镜下神经胶质细胞水肿,线粒体减少,嵴断裂,胶质丝模糊。结论 慢性铝中毒可导致大鼠海马CA3区星型胶质细胞和小胶质细胞反应性增多,而少突胶质细胞数量减少,神经胶质细胞超微结构改变。

Objective To observe the effect of chronic aluminum toxicity on glial cells in the hippocampal CA3 area of rats, and to investigate the neurotoxicity of aluminum. Methods 60 4-5-month old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the aluminum exposed group and the normal control group, 15 males and 15 females in each group. After paraffin section and location with HE staining, immunohistochemistry staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, CDllb and galactose cerebroside（GC） was done. The GFAP-, CDllb-and GC-positive cells in the hippocampal CA3 area were quantitatively analyzed by the cell morphometric technique. The ultra-structure of neuroglial cells was observed by an electron microscopy. Results Compared with the normal control group, numbers and average optical densities of GFAPand CDllb-positive cells in the hippocampal CA3 area were significantly increased, while the number and average optical density of GO-positive cells were significantly decreased in the aluminum exposed group. Under an electron microscope, glial cells swelled, the number of mitochondria decreased, crista broke and gfial filaments were vague in the aluminum exposed group. Conclusion Chronic aluminum toxicity can increase numbers of astrocytes and microgfia, decrease the number of oligodendrocytes in the hippocampal CA3 area, and change the ultrastructure of glial ceils.