大鼠颈动脉显微和超微结构的增龄变化

Age-related Changes of Microstructure and Ultrastructure on Rat Carotid Endodermis

目的：观察不同年龄组大鼠颈动脉显微及其超微结构,探讨大鼠颈动脉内皮细胞在动脉老化发生发展过程中的变化特点.方法：30只大鼠按其月龄分为青年组（2～3月龄）、成年组（10月龄）和老年组（28～30月龄）,每组10只.大鼠颈动脉固定、切片后,每只大鼠随机选切片5张,每张切片随机取4个视野,分别在光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜下,观察并比较各组大鼠颈动脉结构特点.结果：青年组大鼠颈动脉厚薄较均匀,管腔内表面光滑,内膜、中膜和外膜分界清楚,内皮细胞胞浆丰富均匀,核膜完整,表面有微绒毛;成年组大鼠颈动脉厚薄欠均匀,部分内皮细胞增厚,内皮细胞完整,胞浆稀薄,细胞器减少;老年组大鼠颈动脉厚薄不均一性,管腔内表面欠光滑,内膜可见明显隆起增厚,内皮层脱落、肿胀、增生或缺失,内皮细胞胞浆稀薄,细胞浆较少,微绒毛消失.结论：与青年组、成年组大鼠相比,老年组大鼠颈动脉内膜结构破坏严重,各层结构欠清晰,内皮细胞表面微绒毛消失,出现脱落衰老凋亡现象,并有红细胞等附着.

Objective：To investigate the pathologic changes of rats carotid endothelial cells in the aging process by observing the mierostructure and uhrastructure on rats carotid endodermis of different ages. Methods：30 rats were divided into 3 groups： the young group （2 -3 months）, the adult group （ 10 months） and the aging group （28 -30 months）. Each group has to rats. After carotid fixation and slicing, five slices were randomly selected. The structural characteristics of the rats carotid were observed with amplified times by optics microscope, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results：The young rats carotid endothelial cells formed regularly and liquidly, the surfaces of endothelial cells were smooth, the structures of carotid endothelial ceils were integrated and clear. The adult rats carotid endothelial ceils were integrated but not smooth. The thickness of endothelial cells was asymmetric. The aging rats carotid endothelial cells were badly destroyed and not smooth, with hyperplasia and desquamation. The thickness of endothelial cells was asymmetric. Conclusions： Compared with those of the young and adult groups, the aging rats carotid endothelial cells were badly destroyed with hyperplasia and desquamation. Each structure of the carotid was unclear.