北京市怀柔区2010年粉尘与高毒企业的危害因素调查

Investigation of Hazards in Dust and Highly Toxic Enterprise in Huarou District of Beijing City in 2010

目的了解北京市怀柔区粉尘与高毒危害企业工作场所中职业病危害因素现状,为改善作业场所环境提供技术支持,为监管部门提供科学依据。方法依据国家有关标准、规范,使用气体采样器、大气采样器、粉尘采样仪采集车间空气中的化学物质和粉尘样品,噪声频谱分析仪现场检测噪声。结果对存在粉尘与高毒物品的36家企业工作场所进行了职业病危害因素检测与评价,共采集化学毒物、物理因素、粉尘3大类11项893件样品。其中超标企业14家,超标样品121件,企业超标率38.9%,样品超标率13.5%。结论该区部分企业工作场所中职业病危害因素超标,提示各相关机构应高度重视职业卫生工作,加大监管和宣教力度,提高企业和劳动者的职业病防治意识,促进企业加强职业卫生工作管理,推进作业场所职业健康管理工作规范化、制度化,预防和控制急慢性职业病的发生。

[Objective]To understand the status of occupational hazards in workplaces of dust and highly toxic enterprises in Huairou District of Beijing City,to offer technical support for improving workplace environment,and provide scientific evidence for supervision department.[Methods]According to relevant state standards and norms,the chemicals in workplaces environment and air dust samples were collected with gas sampler,atmospheric sampler,the dust sampler.Noise Spectrum Analyzer was used to detect on-site noise.[Results]An occupational hazards testing and evaluation was performed on 36 enterprises＇ workplace with dust and high toxic substances.A total of 893 samples were collected,including toxic chemical,physical factors and dust.Fourteen enterprises（38.9%） exceeded standards with 121 samples（13.5%） exceeded.[Conclusion]The occupational hazards levels exceeding standards in some enterprises of this district indicates that relevant department should pay more attention to occupational health,to strengthen supervision and education,to improve the control awareness of occupational diseases among enterprises and workers,to enhance management of occupational health,to promote standardization and institutionalization of occupational health management in workplace so as to prevent and control the occurrence of acute and chronic occupational diseases.