社会分层与义务教育机会获得问题研究的综合考察

Integrated Survey on Social Stratification and Opportunity Distribution of Compulsory Education

教育分层是社会分层研究的核心领域之一。教育机会的获得影响着社会的分层结构与流动。通过梳理社会分层与义务教育机会获得的国内外文献发现,各阶层教育资源分配不均直接影响受教育的机会。教育分层呈现集体排斥向个体排斥发展的趋势,集中体现在对义务教育入学机会均等、过程公平及结果满意三个维度。同时国内对义务教育分层研究的体制和方法相对滞后。以《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》为契机,探究社会各阶层教育资源占有量与义务教育机会获得的关系,促进基础教育事业的和谐发展。

Education stratification is one of the core areas of social stratification study.The distribution of compulsory educational affects the structure of social stratification and mobility.By systemizing domestic and foreign literature of social stratification and compulsory education opportunity distribution,the results show that： the uneven distribution of educational resources at all levels directly affects the educational opportunities.Education stratification presents the trend from collective exclusion to individual exclusion,embodied in the three dimensions that equal opportunity of compulsory school attendance,process fair and satisfactory results.Domestic research system and method of compulsory education stratification is lagging behind.This paper Takes ＂National Middle and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan（2010—2020）＂ as an opportunity to explore the relationship between occupancy of education resources of all orders of society and compulsory education opportunity distribution,to promote harmonious development of basic education in China.