贫铀在土壤中迁移的实验室模型改进

Improvement of the Laboratory Model that Simulates the Migration of Depleted Uranium in Soils

目的完善贫铀(DU)迁移的实验室模型,验证所建模型的可靠性。方法对已建立的实验室模拟贫铀在土壤中的迁移的模型进行改进,采用分层取样,利用ICP-MS同时测量各层土样中铀含量及235U/238U值,根据测量值确定DU迁移深度。结果对照组DU迁移到9~11 cm,pH=4.0和pH=3.0的模拟酸雨使DU分别迁移到29 cm及35 cm以外;我国铀模拟实验舱周围、法国贫铀试验场、科索沃战场DU迁移深度分别为大于25 cm、30 cm、10 cm^20 cm。结论酸雨可以促进贫铀的迁移;用改进的实验室模型模拟DU在土壤中的迁移,所得的迁移深度基本上与现实情况一致,说明模型的设计基本是成功的。

Objective To improve the migration model of depleted uranium and confirm the reliability of the laboratory model.Methods The improved laboratory model of DU migrating in soils has been set up.Method of stratified sampling has been adopted.The uranium element content and 235U/238U were determined by ICP-MS and the depths of DU migration identified.Results The depth of DU migration was 9cm-11cm,25cm-29cm,and 35cm or more,corresponding to the rain pH of 5.6,4.0,and 3.0 respectively.The depth of DU migration in Chinese experiment module of DU,French DU testing field,battle ground in Kosovo was Over 25cm,30cm and 10cm-20cm.Conclusion Acid rain has promoted the migration of depleted uranium.The migration depths in experiments coincide with the depth measured on the spots polluted by DU,which illustrates the laboratory model has been designed successfully in the main.