节能的目标责任制与自愿协议

Comparative Analysis of Energy Conservation Target Responsibility System and Voluntary Energy Conservation Agreements

节能目标责任制和节能自愿协议作为两种不同的节能管理手段,在我国节能管理工作中发挥了不同的作用,对二者进行模式总结和比较分析,对我国未来的节能政策制定和政策工具选择具有重要意义。研究结果表明,节能目标责任制和节能自愿协议都发生在政府与企业之间,涉及一定时期内的企业节能目标,由政府与企业签订书面承诺,并有相应的评估监督方法。同时二者又存在不同的模式和特征,在具体的实施主体、指标的选择以及激励约束机制等方面存在诸多差别。"十一五"期间,我国工业企业节能取得巨大成效,这与节能目标责任制的实施密不可分,而节能自愿协议在机制创新方面有着更为重大的制度意义,它代表了在节能管理领域基于自愿的市场机制对我国传统行政命令型资源环境管理模式的补充,它的进一步推进将为我国未来多种机制并存的节能管理提供更多有益的经验和借鉴。

The target responsibility system for energy conservation and the voluntary agreement on energy conservation are two different mechanisms that have played distinctive roles in China＇ s energy conservation management. A comparative analysis between the two mechanisms will facilitate China＇ s energy policy development and policy instrument selection. Research results demonstrate that the target responsibility system and the voluntary agreement both take place between the government and enterprises. They both relate to an enterprise＇ s energy conservation goals and are assessed according to the agreement signed between the government and the enterprise. However, the two mechanisms are different in terms of major players in implementation, the assessment system, and the incentive and constraint mechanism. Due to the target responsibility system, China＇ s industrial enterprises have achieved tremendous energy savin during the 11 th Five Year Plan. Nevertheless, the voluntary agreement will have more institutional significance, as it applies a market mechanism that compliments China＇s traditional control-and-demand approach of resource management. The promotion of the voluntary agreement in China will provide further implications for regulating multiple mechanisms in the field of energy conservation.