环糊精衍生物在液相有机合成中的应用

Application of Cyclodextrin Derivatives in Liquid-Phase Organic Synthesis

综述了环糊精(包括α-环糊精、β-环糊精和γ-环糊精)衍生物在液相有机合成中的应用,主要包括其作为人工合成酶、超分子光学手性源、亲偶极体和微通道反应器在氧化、水解、还原、光催化异构化、1,3-偶极环加成等反应中的应用.其中环糊精衍生物作为人工合成酶应用最广,该催化剂中起催化作用的为环糊精衍生物的修饰基团.与环糊精母体相比,修饰基团的引入增加了环糊精分子中官能团的种类和数量,拓展了环糊精在液相有机合成中的应用,并提高了催化反应的催化活性和选择性.

The application of cyclodextrin（α-cyclodextrin,β-cyclodextrin and ？ícyclodextrin） derivatives in liquid-phase organic synthesis has been reviewed,especially as artificial enzymes,supramolecular photo-chirogenesises,dipolarophiles and microchannel reactors in oxidation,hydrolysis,reduction,photoisomeri-zation,cycloaddition and so on.The cyclodextrin derivatives employed as artificial enzymes are used most widely in which the modifying groups play the role of the catalytic active site.Compared with cyclodextrin,the introduction of the modifying groups increases the functional groups in the parent cyclodextrin,expands the application of the cyclodextrin in liquid-phase organic synthesis and enhances the catalytic activity and selectivity.