高等教育治理模式再探讨:从市场化到市场导向

A Rediscussion of Colleges'Management Patterns:From Stressing the Marketization of College to Using Market as a Guideline

高等教育市场化主要沿着削弱财政负担和放松政府管制两个坐标进行,旨在解决的问题是大学的外部治理。在市场化语境下,大学内部治理结构的变化在于,弱化政府财政负担和强化市场配置资源的驱使,大学市场导向成为合意的选择,这就要求大学必须以学生、教师、市场需求为战略导向,并倍加重视战略规划的重要性,避免盲目扩张,定位不清。师生中心论是一个大学发展战略的重要因素,也必须将师生中心论提到战略高度予以重视。更需要信息的充分沟通,即大学的任何决策,都必须首先经过一个意义达成的过程,这不仅象征着教育的民主价值,也是促成广泛理解并使大学目标得以实现的重要条件。这构成市场语境下大学内部治理的鲜明特征。

The marketization of college follows two guidelines：to reduce the financial burden of the government and to relax the governmental control,which is aimed at improving the colleges＇ external management.In the context of marketization,the internal management of college should try to reduce the financial burden of the government and strengthen the distribution of market resources and as a result the market orientation has become a rational option.It requires college should set the need of the teachers,the students and the market as its strategic guideline and highlight the importance of the strategic planning to avoid blind expansion and blurry orientation.The teachers-and-students-oriented theory is a key component in college＇s strategic development and should be emphasized as a criticasl strategy.It also requires college＇s full communication of information namely,before any decision is made,the matter should be made public and get approved.This practice not only represents the democratic value of education and get itself well-accepted but also forms an important condition for us to reaize the objective of college.This forms the distinct charateristics of college＇s internal management in the context of marketization.