浦东新区简易学校小学生免疫接种状况调查

Immunization Status in Migrant Children of Elementary Schools in Pudong District of Shanghai

目的评估上海浦东新区简易学校小学生免疫接种状况和免疫保护水平。方法问卷调查和访谈方式调查儿童的免疫接种状况,检测儿童血液中相关抗体水平。结果浦东新区简易学校小学生中乙肝,脊灰疫苗和百白破疫苗的接种率明显较本地公立学校对照儿童低。儿童中白喉和破伤风的抗体水平也明显较对照组低。但是麻疹的抗体水平在流动儿童中相对较高。结果与流动儿童的低免疫接种率相一致,流动儿童家长对免疫接种的知识和预防接种关注度低于对照组。结论为提高流动儿童的免疫接种率,可以加强在流动儿童家长中开展免疫预防健康教育和工作人员主动提供服务。

objective To evaluate the immunization status and antibody protection level by vaccination in students in migrant children elementary schools in Pudong district of Shanghai,and identify the influencing factors for immunization coverage.Methods Questionaire survey and interviews were conducted to investigate the immunization status in migrant children,and laboratory tests were performed to measure the relative serum antibody levels.Results The immunization coverage rates for Hepatitis B vaccine（HepB）,oral poliomyelitis vaccine（OPV）,diphtheria,tetanus and pertussis combined vaccine（DTP） and measles-containing vaccine（MCV） in migrant children were significantly lower than those in resident children.The antibody levels for diphtheria and tetanus were also significantly lower in migrant children than those in resident children.However,the antibody level for measles was higher in migrant children.The results were consistent with the lower immunization coverage in migrant children.The awareness of the importance of vaccination and the rate of keeping immunization records by their parents were significantly lower.Conclusion Enhancing health education and community immunization service is required to improve the immunization coverage in migrant children in Pudong District of Shanghai.