莱州湾表层沉积物中多氯联苯的测定方法及分布特征探究

The Determination Methods and the Exploring to the Distributional Characteristics of PCBs in Surface Sediments of Laizhou Bay

以加速溶剂萃取法(ASE)、索氏提取法/气相色谱法测定了莱州湾表层沉积物中的12种PCBs的浓度水平,探讨了它的分布特征并将两种方法进行了对比;同时测定了渤海湾北部海域表层沉积物中PCBs的含量,与莱州湾进行了比较。结果表明,莱州湾海域表层沉积物检测出8种多氯联苯(PCBs),浓度范围是N.D.～48.40 ng.g-1dw。该海域多氯联苯的分布特征是近岸高,离岸低,由近岸向湾外延伸方向依次递减;渤海湾PCBs的浓度范围是0.15～68.30 ng.g-1 dw,和莱州湾差别不大。索氏提取法测定12种多氯联苯类化合物的基质加标回收率为78.00%～104.85%,相对标准偏差为0.95%～3.64%;加速溶剂萃取法的基质加标回收率为90.00%～102.00%,相对标准偏差为0.65%～2.75%;相对于渤海湾北部海域而言,莱州湾区域只是受到轻度污染,属于低风险生态区,不会对生物产生毒副作用;而前者则处于中度污染水平,可能会对生物产生毒副作用。

The concentration levels of 12 polychlorinated biphcnyls（PCBs） of surface sediment in Laizhou bay were determined by gas chromatography after accelerated solvent extraction（ASE） and soxhlet extraction.We discussed its distribution characteristics,and compared the two methods.The PCBs contention of the north Bohai bay was determined at the same time,compared with that of Laizhou Bay.The results showed that： 8 kinds of PCBs between N.D.and 48.40 ng.g-1 dw were detected in the surface sediments of Laizhou bay.The characteristics of PCBs distribution in this bay were higher in the inshore but lower in the offshore,revealing a degression trend from inshore to offshore.The concentration of PCBs in Bohai Bay ranging from 0.15 to 68.30 ng.g-1 dw had a little difference from that in Laizhou bay.The recovery of soxhlet extraction was from 78.00% to 104.85% with relative standard deviation from 0.95% to 3.64%,while the data of the accelerated solvent extraction were from 90.00% to 102.00% with relative standard deviation from 0.65% to 2.75%.Compared to the north area of Bohai Bay,Laizhou Bay was relatively slightly lower polluted,which can be regarded as lower risk areas and will not produce throwing-seed side effects to organism.However,the pollution of Bohai bay was polluted at a moderate level,which may produce throwing-seed side effects to organism.