泡沫铝在油气爆炸荷载作用下的吸能减冲击性能

Energy Absorption and Vibration Reduction Performance of Aluminum Foam under Fuel-air Explosion Loading

针对油气爆炸防护薄弱的现状,基于爆炸荷载作用下单自由度阻尼系统动力响应的理论,提出利用泡沫铝优良阻尼性能降低板在油气荷载作用下的动力响应的方法,并利用数值仿真分析了在板前增加泡沫铝与增加橡胶2者对板动力响应衰减程度的优劣及影响泡沫铝衰减油气类爆炸冲击波的影响因素。研究显示:将泡沫铝应用到油气类爆炸防护中是可行的,能有效衰减油气爆炸产生的冲击波。结果显示:对防护结构动力响应的位移峰值可减小20%以上;泡沫铝材料较橡胶材料衰减效果更为明显;在一定程度上,随着泡沫铝厚度、油气浓度(即爆炸荷载大小)的增加,降低板中心点处位移峰值的幅度也随之增加。

Focusing on present situation of weak explosion protection and basing on the theory of response of a single degree of freedom damped dynamic system under explosion loading,the method of excellent damping performance of aluminum foam to reduce dynamic response of panels under fuel-air loading is proposed.Utilizing numerical simulation analyzes the property of attenuating dynamic response of the panels by adding aluminum foam before panels and adding rubber before panels and the factors that have influence on performance of aluminum foam on attenuating blasting waves generated by fuel-air explosion.The research shows it is feasible that aluminum foam is applied in fuel-air explosion and it can attenuate shock waves generated by fuel-air explosions effectively.The results show that the peak displacement of the dynamic response of the protective structure can be reduced by more than 20%.The attenuation effect of aluminum foam is more obvious than that of rubber material.The decrease gradient of the peak displacement at the center of plate increases as the foam thickness,fuel-air concentration（i.e.explosion load size） increases to some extent.