大同南郊北魏墓群研究

A Study on the Northern Wei Tombs in the Southern Suburb of Datong City

通过对时代特征强、演变快的陶器进行分析,可将大同南郊北魏墓群进行重新分组,167座墓葬共划分为五组,其中包含两个数量不多的过渡特征组。遗迹现象表明,第三组时是大同南郊墓地形成史上的巨变时期,此时北魏经历了太和改革和迁都洛阳,第三组墓葬所表现的维持和破坏并存的状况,当是当时现实社会的真实写照。

Through the analysis to the potteries which were the most time-sensitive,this paper regrouped the 167 Northern Wei tombs in the southern suburb of Datong City into five groups,including two transitional groups with few tombs each.To evaluate the reasonability of the regrouping,the distribution patterns of the tomb types,stone lamps,glazed potteries and the honeysuckle pattern,wave pattern and the assemblage of honeysuckle and wave patterns on the grey potteries and other factors in the five groups are observed.Based on the grave goods and the orientations of the tombs,the tombs tightly clustered together and with same orientation are estimated as belonging to family cemeteries.The new tomb types,pottery types and glazed pottery categories and the cemetery patterns of Group Ⅲ reflected that this group formed in the time of great changes.The dated materials found in other sites of Datong City showed that the date of Group Ⅲ was in the late stage of the 5th century,during which the Northern Wei experienced the Taihe Reform and the transferring of the capital from Datong to Luoyang;the coexistence of maintaining and destroying situations in Group Ⅲ were the true reflection of the living society at that time.