释殷墟卜辞中的“■”字——兼论“羑里”

The Interpretation to the"You■"in the Yinxu Oracle Bone Inscriptions——Also on the Place Name"Youli羑里"

殷墟甲骨卜辞中有一字,见于《甲骨文合集》（简称《合集》）和《殷墟花园庄东地甲骨划》^[1]（ 简称《花东》）（图一）。 关于该字的释读历来颇多分歧，或释作“主”^[2]，或释作“朱”^[3]，或释作“未”^[4]，或释作“棠”^[5]，或释作“果”^[6]，或释作“末”^[7]，然均于形未安。按上揭字形当是从“木”从“臼”，其字可隶定为果。虽然“臼”字不见于甲骨著录，但殷墟卜辞中有以“臼”为偏旁的字（图二）。

The character combined with ＂jiu 臼＂ and ＂mu 木＂ in the Yinxu oracle bone inscrip-tions is actually the prototype of ＂you （木＋咎）＂,which was also loaned as ＂you 羑＂ used as place name.The deciphering of this character not only brought forward the records of Wujiu 乌桕（Chinese tallow tree）from the Warring-States Period to the Shang Dynasty but also presented the earliest evidence for the place name ＂Youli羑里＂ in the handed-down historic literature.