长三角港口体系结构演变及分货种优势比较

Port system's structure evolution and advantage compare in Yangtze River delta

以长三角区域港口为研究对象,采用赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数分析2005—2009年长三角港口的平均集中率和分货种港口的空间集中度,然后从各港口的显示性比较优势和绝对比较优势揭示了各货种在长三角港口内部的转移情况,最后得出在长三角港口体系中,各货种集中程度呈现下降的趋势,集中化程度由高到低依次是:集装箱,石油,天然气及其制品,金属矿石,矿建材料,煤炭。同时上海港集装箱集聚效应加强,散货方面则呈现上海港向周边港口快速扩散、浙江省以宁波-舟山港为龙头集聚效应进一步加强、江苏港口承接转移的同时自身港口结构同步升级调整的特点。

Taking the Yangtze River delta ports as the research object,we analyze the 2005—2009 port average concentration rate and cargoes＇space concentration degrees in the Yangtze River delta by Hirshmanm-Herfindahl index analysis,and reveal the transfer of various cargoes within the ports of the Yangtze River delta from the comparative advantage and absolute comparative advantage.It is concluded that the concentration degree of all cargoes is in the downward tendency,and cargoes are listed as follows concerning the centralization degree from high to low： container,oil,gas and its products,metallic ore,mine ore,coal.Meanwhile,the container conglomeration effect of Shanghai port is strengthening,and the bulk is spreading to other ports rapidly;Leading by the Ningbo-Zhoushan port,the conglomeration effect of Zhejiang province is further strengthened;Jiangsu province is undertaking the transfer and upgrading of the port structure.