复调叙事和叙事解构:《酒国》里的虚实

Polyphonic Narration and Narrative Deconstruction:The Truth and False in The State of Alcohol

《酒国》在莫言的长篇小说序列里是一个独特的存在,小说采用三线并进的复调叙事策略,使用多种文体参与故事的结撰,并进行了独特的小说中套小说、人物参与叙事、作家进入故事成为人物的文本叙事试验,营造了虚实相生的叙事效果,这种叙事策略具有典型的"元小说"、文体杂糅和狂欢化叙事的文本特征,其叙事实验的独特价值及其巨大的文化隐喻所具有的文化、精神批判价值,具有文学史意义。

The State of Alcohol is a unique existence among Mo Yan＇s full length novels.It adopted the narrative strategy of treble threads＇ advancing together,applying multiple text styles in his story telling,and experimented some unique ways of narrative,such as telling another story in this story,figures＇ participating in narration,the author＇s entering the story and becoming a figure in it,etc.,thus created a narrative effects which mixing the truth and false.This narrative strategy has typical textual features of ＂meta-novel＂,style mixing and carnival narrative.The unique value of this narrative experiment and the cultural and spiritual criticizing values embodied in its huge cultural metaphor have great significance in the history of literature.