基于GIS的泾河流域径流过程分形特征研究

Research on fractal characteristics of runoff process in Jinghe River basin based on GIS

运用分形理论对水文系统演化的非线性规律进行研究,可全面地揭示水文动力系统的复杂运动特征。论文首先运用DPS数据处理软件选取不同频率(25%、50%、75%)的典型年,整编泾河张家山站不同典型年的1日、7日、15日径流资料,再运用ARCG IS中的Hawthtool工具计算各频率典型年的1日、7日、15日径流过程分维数,以及1932年-1999年的年径流序列分维数,得出:平水年水量分配较枯水年和丰水年更不均匀,在这些年份里,积极准备防洪抗旱,实现合理的水资源调节,有着重要的现实意义。并在此基础上,进一步分析泾河流域径流过程的分形特征,得出:分维数是一段时间内自然因素和人类活动共同作用于径流过程的综合反映。研究对于指导研究区水资源的调控有着重要的意义。

Research on nonlinear evolution rule of hydrological system by using fractal theory can fully reveal the complex moving the characteristics of hydrological dynamic system.First,this paper used DPS data processing software to choose the typical years with different frequencies（25%,50%,75%）,reorganized the runoff series of 1 day,7 days and 15days in Zhangjiashan hydrological station of Jinhe River in different typical year,then used the Hawthtools of ArcGIS to calculate fractal dimension of these runoff process,as well as fractal dimension of annual runoff series from 1932 to1999,result shows that yearly water distribution in ordinary years is more disuniform than those in other year,witch means the runoff process in ordinary years is more complex than that in the drought years and rain-rich years,so in these kind of years,it will have more actural meaning to plan for flood control and against drought and carry out the reasonable water resource regulation.Futher,the paper analyzed the fractal character of Jinghe＇s runoff process,showed that fractal dimension is the comprehensive reflection of natural factors and human activities.This research has a great significance to regulate and control water resource in study area.