照应对比与用法再议

Further Analysis of Comparison between Deixis and Anaphora

指示和照应分别属于语用学和篇章语言学两个相互独立的学科,但指示与照应这两种语言现象却都可以通过使用不具有确定意义的第三人称代词、指示代词和指示副词等加以体现。从语用和认知的角度,我们可以将指示和照应的关系归纳为:(1)指示和照应并不是相互排斥的,而是各居一端构成一个共同体;(2)照应就是分为语内照应和语外照应,语外照应属于词语的指示用法或者指示兼照应用法。它们分布在这个共同体的不同位置上,呈现出一种互补关系。

Deixis and anaphora respectively belong to two separate disciplines of pragmatics and text linguistics,but both can be represented by using not confirming the third personal pronouns,demonstrative pronouns and demonstrative adverbs.From the pragmatic and cognitive perspectives,the relations between them can be summed up：（1） Deixis and anaphora do not repel each other,but occupy one end to commit a community;（2） Anaphora is divided into endophora and exophor while exophor can be deixical or deixical-anaphoric,and their different positions distributed in this community demonstrate a kind of complementary relation.