腾冲红花油茶芽苗砧嫁接技术及其成效分析

Technique of Bud Grafting for Camellia reticulata in Tengchong

2006～2008年选择了32个腾冲红花油茶优良单株穗条作为接穗，于2009年在保山隆阳区刘家坡苗圃进行芽砧嫁接试验，按照对腾冲红花油茶长期试验总结的嫁接及管理方法进行嫁接，并对32个优良单株穗条嫁接成效进行分析，结果表明：不同优良单株之间的嫁接成活率、苗高生长量差异极显著（P〈0．01），其成活率为69．2％～95．8％，年高生长量为24．2～44．2cm，其中19个优良单株的嫁接成活率大于85％。应用塑料大棚保温或塑料小拱棚保湿；采用半木质化春梢削掉1／3—1／2叶片做接穗，于5月份嫁接；愈合期保持遮荫度70％、温度20～25℃，成活后适当增加光照；萌发期及抽梢生长期加强肥水管理，嫁接效果较好。

We used twigs from 32 trees of Camellia reticulata planted in 2006 -2008 to make grafting experiment at Liujiapo in Longyang District of Baoshan City in 2009. The techniques and management methods were summarized and in this paper, the effects of grafting on the 32 good trees were analyzed. It showed that there were significant vatiations （P 〈 0. 01 ） in grafting survival rate, annual seedling height increment, which were 69. 2 % - 95.8 %, and 24.2 44. 2 cm, respectively. Among all the trees of 32 individuals, 19 of them having grafting survival rate of 85 %. The techniques were done as, using vinyl house to keep temperature and moisture with a plastic arch, u- sing spring sprouted and half-lignified twigs to do grafting, keeping 1/3 to 1/2 of all leaves on it. The grafting was carried out in March; keeping covering rate at 70 % and temperature at 20 -25 ℃, letting more light after it sur- vived; enhancing management in water and fertilizer during bud germination and twig growing.