角膜前表面高阶像差与年龄的相关性变化

Age-related changes in higher-order aberrations of the corneal anterior surface in a Chinesepo pulation

目的探讨和分析国人无器质性疾病眼角膜前表面高阶像差与年龄的相关性。方法前赡性临床研究。序贯选取年龄为1l-50周岁、屈光度数为＋0．50-3．00D且散光〈1．00D的受检者201例，平均年龄（29．9±11．5）岁。根据受检者的年龄分为4组：11-20岁组、21～30岁组、31～40岁组和41．50岁组。采用鹰视角膜地形图仪测量角膜前表面像差，应用抛硬币法随机选取每名受检者一眼的数据。应用单因素方差分析比较各组角膜中央4、6和8mm区域的彗差、三叶草像差、球差、二次散光和四叶草像差。结果4、6、8mm角膜区域的三叶草像差组间差异均有统计学意义（F=3．526、2．800、2．888，P均〈0．05），4l-50岁组[（0．10±0．05）、（0．17±0．08）、（0．30±0．13）斗m]明显大于2l-30岁组[（0．08±0．04）、（O．13±0．06）、（0．22±0．11）μm，P均〈0．05]。4mm区二次散光41±50岁组[（0．03±0．02）μm]明显高于其余三组（P均〈0．05），6mm区41～50岁组[（0．08±0．08）μm]与21～30岁组[（0．05±0．03）la,m]之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。8mill区彗差和球差各年龄组问差异存在统计学意义（F=4．796、3．165，P均〈0．05），41～50岁组角膜彗差[（0．58±0．24）μm]、21-30岁组角膜球差[（0．63±0．16）μm]大于其他各组（P〈0．05）。各组间四叶草像差差异无统计学意义。结论不同年龄段的角膜前表面高阶像差存在着一定的差异，随着年龄的增大，球差逐渐减小而彗差逐渐增大。

Objective To compare higher-order aberrations of the corneal anterior surface of Chinese normal eyes at different ages. Methods This was a prospective clinical study. Two hundred and one eyes of 201 subjects without organic eye diseases [age range from 11 to 50 years old; average（29.9±ll.5）years old] were examined. The range of spherical equivalent error was from ＋0.50 D to -3.00 D, and the astigmatism of all eyes was less than 1.00 D. Patients were divided into four age groups： 11 to 20 years old （group 1）, 21 to 30 years old （group 2）, 31 to 40 years old （group 3） and 41 to 50 years old （group 4）. Corneal higher-order aberrations were measured with an ALLEGRO Topolyzer. Coma, spherical aberration, trefoil, fourth-order astigmatism and four-lobe defect were compared among the four groups over 4 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm areas using one-way ANOVA. Results Significant differences were found among groups in trefoil over all areas （F=3.526, 2.800, 2.888, P〈O.05 for all）. Trefoil in group 4 [（0.10±0.05）, （0.17±0.08）, （0.30±0.13）μm] were higher than group 2 [（0.08±0.04）, （0.13±0.06）, （0.22±0.11）μm], differences were significant （P〈 0.05 for all）. Fourth-order astigmatism was significantly different between group 4 [（0.03±0.02）μm] and the other groups （P〈0.05） over the 4 mm area, as well as between group 4 [（0.08±0.08）μm] and group 2 [（0.05±0.03）txm, P〈0.05] over the 6 mm area. Signifieant differences were found among groups in spherical aberration and coma over the 8 mm area （F=4.796, 3.165, P〈0.05 for both）, coma in group 4 [（0.58±0.24）μm] and spherical aberration in group 2 [（0.63±0.16）μm] were higher than the other groups （P〈0.05 for all）. No signifieant differenee was found among the four groups for the four-lobe defect. Conclusion There is a small difference between different age groups in higher-order aberrations of the corneal anterior surnael. Spherical aberration decreases and coma increases with aging.