炎性反应在肺挫伤中的作用机制研究进展

Progress of Research on the Mechanism of Inflammatory Response in Pathogenesis of Lung Contusion

肺挫伤是最常见的胸部钝性伤,一旦发展为急性肺损伤、成人呼吸窘迫综合征和呼吸机相关性肺炎等,病死率较高。肺挫伤发病机制及病理生理学改变不甚明确,炎性反应在其发病机制中的作用日益得到广大研究者的重视。我们就炎性反应在肺挫伤发病机制及病理生理学改变中的作用进行总结,重点阐述炎性细胞、炎性介质、受体、表面活性物质功能障碍、上皮细胞和中性粒细胞凋亡的作用;介绍研究肺挫伤所需的动物模型,肺挫伤与其他肺损伤的相互作用。

As the most common blunt thoracic injury,lung contusion may develop into acute lung injury,adult respiratory distress syndrome or ventilation associated pneumonia,which can cause a high mortality.However,the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of lung contusion is not well understood yet.Stress is laid by many researchers on inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of lung contusion.We review the potential role of inflammatory response in the pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of lung contusion.Emphasis is put on studies of inflammatory cells,mediators,receptors,surfactant dysfunction,and the potential role of epithelial cell or neutrophil apoptosis.The animal models are essential to the study of lung contusion and the studies examining secondary injuries exacerbating lung contusion are also noted.