机载脉冲激光雷达剖面测量技术的进展及应用

Development and Applications of Airborne LiDAR Profilometer

机载脉冲激光雷达(LiDAR)剖面测量技术是一种先进的主动遥感测量技术,可以快速、大面积地直接获取地表地物、森林和水下地貌等的三维信息,具有机动性强、高效和实时等优点。该技术可用于海岸线海水深度测量,海岸生态状况监测,森林资源调查及地震等突发事件响应,具有巨大的应用潜力和广阔的发展前景。首先全面介绍了国外机载脉冲激光雷达剖面测量技术的发展历史,评述了各个发展阶段,并介绍了国内该技术的发展状况。然后分析了机载脉冲激光雷达剖面测量技术的主要应用领域。最后对机载脉冲激光雷达剖面测量技术的未来发展趋势作了展望。

Airborne Light Detection and Ranging（LiDAR） profile measurement technology is an advanced active remote sensing technology,including airborne LiDAR altimetry,and airborne LiDAR bathymetry.It can provide high resolution three dimensional topography,hydrography and forestry in large area,and has the advantages of accuracy,flexibility,efficiency,speediness.Airborne LiDAR profilometer can be used in fields as bathymetric surveys of large offshore areas and shorelines,coast ecological monitoring,the forest resource investigation and evaluation,and rapid response in natural hazard relief works and so on,has great application potential and broad development prospects.Firstly,a comprehensive summarization for the developments in recent years of airborne LiDAR profilometer abroad is presented,including LiDAR altimeter and LiDAR bathymeter,and comment on each phases is shown,and then the development status of this technology at home followed.Secondly,the main applications of airborne LiDAR altimetry and LiDAR bathymetry are discussed.Finally,the developing prospect in future of this technique is analyzed,wish to contribute to the improvement of airborne LiDAR profile measurement technology.