家兔肺脂肪栓塞后超微病理学观察

Ultra-structural Pathological Study of Pulmonary Fat Embolism in Rabbits

目的研究脂肪栓塞后肺组织的超微结构变化。方法通过向实验组家兔血管内注射脂肪诱导肺脂肪栓塞制作肺栓塞动物模型,分别于栓塞即刻(0h)和栓塞后3、8h及1、2、7、14d处死动物;对照组家兔注射同等剂量的生理盐水,其余处理方法与实验组相同。经HE和苏丹Ⅲ染色证实造模成功后,用透射电镜观察肺组织的超微结构变化。结果电镜下实验组家兔肺组织毛细血管和小血管内均发现不同程度的超微结构改变,肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞及其相关细胞﹑细胞器等超微结构的一系列变化呈时间依赖性。对照组家兔肺组织中未发现脂滴和炎性细胞,板层小体无排空现象,数量正常。结论本研究结果可为脂肪栓塞的法医病理学鉴定提供一定的理论依据。

Objective To explore ultra-structural changes of fat embolism syndrome（FES） in the lung.Methods Fat embolism animal model was developed by fat intravascular injection to the experimental rabbits.The rabbits were sacrificed after thrombosis immediately（0 h）,3 h,8 h and 1 d,2 d,7 d,14 d after thrombosis,respectively.Rabbits were injected with the same dose of saline in the control group.All experimental procedures were same in experimental and control groups.The animal model of fat embolism was validated using HE and Sudan Ⅲ staining.Ultra-structural changes of lung were observed by using transmission electron microscopy.Results Ultra-structural changes in capillaries and small blood vessels were found in experimental group.Type Ⅱ alveolar cells,related cells and organelles showed time-dependent changes.Lipid drops and inflammatory cells were not found in control group.Lamellar body did not show emptying phenomenon and the amount of lamellar body was normal.Conclusion The study could provide the theoretical principle for fat embolism cases in forensic pathology.