早期麻风分子生物学和免疫学诊断

Molecular and Immunological Diagnosis on Early Leprosy

传统的麻风实验技术对早期麻风的诊断有一定的局限性。新的分子生物学和免疫学技术为提高早期麻风诊断率,包括抗酸染色阴性的少菌型与纯神经炎麻风患者的诊断均提供了新的方法。本文综述近年来国内外采用PCR技术检测麻风菌基因、运用新发现抗原血清学与T细胞试验对早期麻风诊断的研究进展,阐述其目前存在的问题与发展前景。

Traditional laboratory technology has limitation to early diagnose leprosy, whereas developing of molecular and immunological technology provides new tools to improve early diagnostic level of leprosy, included diag- nosis of acid-fast bacillus （AFB） negative paucibacillary （PB） patients and pure nerve leprosy patients. Based on relating studies reported in recent years, this review purposes detection M. leprae gene by PCR technology, exploring new M. leprae antigens performed on serological test and T cell assay based on IFN-γ to elaborate existing problem and developing prospect on early diagnosis of leprosy.