超声弹性成像诊断肝纤维化的研究进展

Research progress of ultrasound elastography in diagnosis of liver fibrosis

肝活组织检查是诊断肝纤维化的金标准,但有局限性;而多种血清纤维化检验指标及影像学检查的敏感度和特异度不高。作为一种新兴的无创检测手段,超声弹性成像通过测量肝脏弹性指标评估肝纤维化程度,定量诊断肝纤维化,已逐步应用于临床。本文阐述超声弹性成像的原理,叙述实时超声弹性成像、瞬时超声弹性成像和声辐射力脉冲成像的特点以及三者在肝纤维化及肝硬化诊断方面的临床应用、研究进展及优缺点,并介绍超声弹性成像应用于肝纤维化方面的发展趋势。

Liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of liver fibrosis,but it has limitations.The sensitivity and specificity of biochemical markers and imaging examinations are low.As an emerging noninvasive testing mean,ultrasound elastography has been gradually applied in the quantitative diagnosis of liver fibrosis and evaluation of the degree of liver fibrosis through measuring the liver elastic.In this article,the principle of ultrasound elastography,the characteristics of real-time ultrasound elastography,fibroscan and acoustic radiation force impulse were introduced.Besides,the clinical application and research progress,as well as their advantages and disadvantages in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis were demonstrated,and the development trend of ultrasound elastography in diagnosis of liver fibrosis were summarized.