中国电力行业能源利用效率及收敛性分析——基于区域面板数据的Malmquist指数模型

Convergence Analysis on Energy Utilization Efficiency in Electric Power Industry of China——Based on Malmquist Index Model by Using of the Regional Panel Data

运用Malmquist生产力指数测算了我国2002-2008年间电力行业能源利用效率,并将电力行业能源利用效率分解为技术进步指数、纯技术效率变动和规模效率变动,在此基础上运用β收敛模型分析全国六大区域电力能源利用效率的区域差异特征和变化趋势。研究表明：技术进步是样本期间电力能源利用效率提高的主要原因,纯技术效率的变动一定程度上改善了电能效率,但是改善程度不大。样本期间规模效率出现下降,说明电力行业未达到长期最适规模。对我国和六大区域电力能源利用效率进行β收敛检验,发现除华北区域电网外,东北、华东、华中、西北和南方五大区域电网在样本期间电力行业能源利用效率呈收敛状态,并且以华东电网的收敛速度最快。

By using of Malmquist index method,the energy utilization efficiency in electric power industry within the period from 2001 to 2008 is calculated in this paper,and it is divided into technological progress index,the change of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.Then characteristics of regional difference and trends in energy utilization efficiency of six regions in China are also analyzed by using of β convergence model.The research shows that technological progress is the main factor that determines the improvement of energy utilization efficiency.To some extent,the variety of pure technical efficiency can improve energy efficiency,but the effect is not so significant.During sample period,the scale efficiency is declined to some extent,which shows that power industry has not reached the long term optimal scale.From the β convergence test for energy utilization efficiency of six regions in China,we can see that energy utilization efficiency in electric power industry of the five regions in China is in convergence state,and the convergence speed of East China power is the fastest.