用钢质短圆环热镦粗法测定锻锤打击能量

The Method of Upsetting Short Steel Ring in Hot State for Measuring the Blow Energy of Hammer

本文由塑性力学原理导出钢质短圆环热镦粗测定大型锻锤打击能量的计算公式,通过在63吨米对击锤上的实测实验,经计算机算出结果,并与其它方法对比,认为此法对大型锻锤是一种较为实际的、理想的测试方法。

A brief review of previous research is first given in order to make thenew contribution of this paper clear. The blow enery of a hammer is an important indicator of forging capa-city and its measuring method has deeply interested people engaged in forging-stamping engineering. The pioneering work on measuring blow energy of a ham-mer by upsetting lead pillar was put forward by Heim [8]. In 1962, Water-mann proposed the method of upsetting copper pillar to measure the blow e-nergy of a hammer [1] [8]; it has been used by various countries in theworld. The method of upsetting steel pillar in cold state was proposed andcompared with the above methods by Chen [8]. By means of measuring thevelocity of a hammer, Liu determined the blow energy of a hammer [9].More recently Tanaka etc. studied how to reduce the vibration of a hammer[10] and Karpenko etc. studied how to increase the service life of anvils ofa hammer [11], but apparently they did not deal with the subject of this pa-per. Up to now, the measurement criterion of blow energy for large hammerhas not been set up yet. Thus, when a hammer has been made and used, userscan not know whether the announced maximun blow energy can be actuallyreached. The new contribution of this paper to forging engineering is believed to bethat, the method of upsetting short steel ring in hot state for measuring theblow energy of largy hammer is proposed and that the equation for calculatingblow energy of hammer-equation (16) in full papar-is established. The blow energy of a 63t-m counterblow hammer has been experimentallydetermined by two different methods: (1) the power figure method commonlyused in engineering; (2) the second author's method in a previous paper [12]. The blow energy calculated by equation (16) in this paper agrees quite wellwith experimentaly determined values but is below 63t·m by about 15%.