安徽省预防控制血吸虫病中长期规划中期效果评估

Evaluation of mid-term effectiveness of medium-and-long-term programme for prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province

目的评价安徽省预防控制血吸虫病中长期规划中期效果。方法采取以人畜筛查化疗、钉螺控制、健康教育及传染源控制为主的综合防治措施,实施预防控制血吸虫病中长期规划,评价防治效果。结果 2004-2009年全省共治疗血吸虫病人750798人次,扩大化疗547069人次。治疗病畜8462头次,扩大化疗117023头次。累计开展药物灭螺面积30532.0hm2,环境改造灭螺面积13979.5hm2。开展健康教育3173.1万人次。40%的重点村落实了传染源控制措施。至2009年,人群感染率降至0.51%,急性血吸虫感染发病率降至0.30/10万,耕牛感染率降至1.25%。钉螺面积徘徊在29065.4～29740.3hm2,钉螺和感染性钉螺密度呈总体同步下降趋势。期间全省达到了疫情控制标准,其中4个县达到了传播控制标准,4个县达到了传播阻断标准。结论实施以人畜筛查化疗、控制钉螺、健康教育及传染源控制为主的综合性防治策略效果显著。

Objective To evaluate the mid-term effectiveness of the medium-and-long-term programme for prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province. Methods In the programme, the comprehensive measures were carried out, including the schistosomiasis detection and chemotherapy for residents and livestock, snail control, health education, and infectious source control. The mid-term effectiveness of the programme was observed and evaluated longitudinally. Results From 2004 to 2009, 750 798 schistosomiasis patients and 547 069 persons with the history of infested water contacting were treated. The number of positive cattle treated was 8 462 cattle-times and the number of cattle with history of infested water contact treated was 117 023 cattle-times. The area with snails control by molluscicides was 30 532.0 hm2, and the area with snails control by environmental modification was 13 979.5 hm2. The number of persons who received health education was 31.73 million person-times. The infectious source control measures were carried out in 40% of endemic villages with human infection rate being more than 1%. Up to 2009, the infection rates of population and cattle, and the incidence rate of acute schistosomiasis reduced to 0.51%, 1.25% and 0.30/100 000, respectively. During the period of 2004-2009, the areas with snails fluctuated from 29 065.4 to 29 740.3 hm2. The densities of living snails and infected snails both showed a declining trend in general. During these years, the whole province reached the criteria of infection control, 4 counties reached the criteria of transmission control, and 4 counties reached the criteria of transmission interruption. Conclusion The effect of the comprehensive strategy of schistosomiasis control is remarkable.