对山西某高校大学生乙肝防治知识知晓率的调查分析

Investigation and analysis on the awareness rate of knowledge related to hepatitis B in undergraduates in a university in Shanxi

目的了解大学生对乙型肝炎的认知程度,为制定科学的乙肝健康教育方案提供可靠的依据。方法在山西省某高校抽取部分大学生,进行乙肝防治知识问卷调查,内容包括乙肝的相关知识、乙肝传播途径、预防措施及对乙肝患者的态度等。结果本次调查学生605人,其中乙肝疫苗接种率为83.4%。乙肝疫苗接种率在性别、家庭来源之间的差异均无统计学意义;被调查大学生对于乙肝的相关知识回答正确率都在80%以上,仅有38.1%同学能正确回答蚊虫叮咬是否会传播乙肝;94%的被调查者知道及时全程接种疫苗可以有效预防乙肝,72.9%的被调查者表示愿意与乙肝携带者一起工作,而83.9%的大学生愿意接受乙肝病人或乙肝携带者赠送的礼物;96.3%的大学生认为应该加强乙肝教育,消除乙肝歧视;医教人员、报纸杂志、电视、互联网、同学、家人是他们获取乙肝知识的主要途径。结论大学生HBV接种率较高,对乙肝知识的知晓率较高,对乙肝病人多有正确的态度,但在某些方面存在误区,应在大学生中间加强乙肝健康教育。

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of knowledge related to hepatitis B of undergraduates,and to provide a scientific basis for setting a better strategy of health education for hepatitis B prevention. Methods The inquiry was conducted in undergraduates from a university of Shanxi province.The questionnaire was composed of the knowledge of HBV,the routes of HBV transmission and prevention,and the attitude toward those suffering from hepatitis B or carrying hepatitis B virus. Results The inquiry was undertaken in 605 undergraduates.The percentage of hepatitis B vaccination was 83.4%.The rate of hepatitis B vaccination among the students were not statistically different in the age,family conditions and different professions.The awareness rate about hepatitis B knowledge was more than 80%,but it was lower for routes of transmission.Only 38.1% of students deemed that mosquito bites will not transmit hepatitis B.About 94% students considered that the whole course inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine can prevent the disease.About 72.9% students showed agreement to study or work with those who are suffering from hepatitis B or carrying hepatitis B virus,while 83.9% of students agreed to accept gifts from those persons.About 96.3% students thought necessary to enhance the health education of hepatitis B knowledge.The knowledge about hepatitis B was obtained mainly from some media,such as newspaper,television and internet,and communication with some medical services staff,own friends,family,and so on. Conclusion The rate of hepatitis B vaccination and mastering of knowledge related to hepatitis B in undergraduates are relatively high.The existing attitude toward hepatitis B is correct,but there are still some misunderstandings in some aspects.It is really necessary to enhance health education of hepatitis B knowledge among undergraduates.