从《诗艺》看贺拉斯文艺观的保守性

On the Conservatism of Horace's Literary View in Ars Poetica

贺拉斯的《诗艺》一直被奉为美学史上的经典作品,更是对后世的古典主义产生了巨大的影响,直到今天,依然有很多人对这部作品中所体现的文艺观大加赞赏,以至于越来越多的人将这部作品视为文学创作的金科玉律。其实,《诗艺》中所体现的贺拉斯的文艺观有着很明显的保守倾向。现从创作题材的陈旧性、人物的定型化与类型化、创作方法的僵化等三个方面对这种文艺观的保守性做出系统的分析,这将有利于我们客观地评价这部作品并批判地继承其中的文艺观点。

Ars Poetica written by Horace is always hailed as a classic work in the history of aesthetics,which exerts great influence upon later classicist movement.Even at present,it is still admired and praised by so many critics that it seems to be regarded as a canon by a growing number of people for its literary creation.But as a matter of face,Horace＇s literary view in Ars Poetica is quite conservative in many respect and this paper aims to offer a systematic analysis of its conservatism according to the following three aspects,namely conventional themes,fixed and stereotyped characters and rigid writing methods,in the hope that it will be helpful for us to critically evaluate this work and draw on his literary view.