多因子对斑节对虾氮磷代谢的影响

Effects of Several Factors on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Metabolism in Penaeus monodon

研究了斑节对虾在不同温度、盐度、pH和摄食状态条件下的无机磷、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮和氨氮的释放率。结果表明,温度、体重、盐度、pH和摄食状态对其代谢存在影响。随体重的增加,斑节对虾磷、硝酸氮的释放率下降,而亚硝酸氮、氨氮的释放率上升。在20~30℃的温度范围内,随着温度的上升,斑节对虾磷的释放率降低,亚硝酸氮、氨氮的释放率有所提高,硝酸氮的释放率在25℃时最高。在10~31的盐度范围内,随着盐度的升高,斑节对虾（6.723±0.035 g）磷、亚硝酸氮的释放率提高,而硝酸氮、氨氮的释放率均降低。在7.5~9.0的pH范围内,随着pH的升高,斑节对虾（6.730±0.032 g）磷的释放率明显下降,亚硝酸氮、氨氮的释放率在pH为8.5时达到最大,硝酸氮的释放率在pH为8.0时达到最小。斑节对虾（6.719±0.033g）摄食配合饲料,饱食状态下磷、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、氨氮的释放率比饥饿状态下分别提高了143.07%、420.0%、78.55%、71.74%,表明摄食时蛋白质代谢增加显著。

The experiment determined the release rate of inorganic phosphorus,nitrite nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and ammonia on Penaeus monodon under different conditions.Results show that ： temperature,weight,salinity,pH and feeding status effect metabolism.The release rates of phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen were negatively correlated with weight,but the release rates of nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen decreased when weight increased.In the range of 20-30 ℃,as the temperature rose,the release rates of nitrite nitrogen and ammonia increased,but phosphorus decreased,nitrate nitrogen reached maximum at 25 ℃.As the salinity increased in the range of 10-31,the release rate of phosphorus and nitrite nitrogen by P.monodon（6.723±0.035 g） increased,the release rates of phosphorus,nitrite nitrogen increased,and nitrate nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen decreased.As the pH increased in the range of 7.5-9.0,the release rate of phosphorus by P.monodon（6.730±0.032 g） decreased significantly.The release rate of nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen reached the maximum at 8.5.When pH was 8.0,the release rate of nitrate nitrogen reached the minimum.Relative to the state of hunger,in the condition of feeding formula foodstuff,the release rate of phosphate,nitrite nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen by P.monodon（6.719±0.033 g）,increased 143.07%,420.0%,78.55%,71.74%.Results showed that the protein metabolism increased significantly in feeding.