稻草出口创汇与生态效益浅析——以大连输日稻草为例

The Foreign Exchange Earning and Its Ecological Value for the Export of Rice Straw——A Case of Rice-Straw Export to Japan in the Dalian Port

本文以2007-2010年大连口岸输日稻草(饲料类和制品类)数据为基础,分析输日稻草贸易中的经济价值和生态效益,结果发现:(1)4年间输日稻草总量达57.07万吨,直接经济价值12715.71万美元,其中,稻草饲料出口量和创汇额占87.24%,稻草制品占12.76%。(2)输日稻草具有巨大的生态价值,4年累计输出C量达23.38万吨,折合为76.82万吨CO2温室气体,相当于实现国际碳交易额3145.81万美元,进而为当前我国的CO2温室气体减排做出积极贡献。(3)从事输日稻草贸易的企业类型由2007年最初的4种增加到7种。其中,集体企业、私营企业、中外合资和外商独资企业的出口份额较大。可见,大连口岸稻草出口创汇、服务三农的同时,也促进了当地经济结构多元化发展,并得到较好的生态效益。

The economic values,ecologic benefits and its values of the exported rice straw to Japan were summarized and analyzed,based on the 2007-2010 database of rice-straw export,including stock forage and straw products import,to Japan,from the Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau（EEIQB） of Liaoning Province.The results were as following：（1） There was accumulated export gross of 570,699 tons rice straw of stock forage and products exported to Japan for the three years,realizing directly economic values of 127,157,143 U.S.dollars.Thereinto,about 87.24% of export grosses and foreign exchange receipt owed to the stock-forage export and 12.76% to straw products.（2） High economic values were also realized during the export of rice straw.The accumulated gross of 233,803 tons（i.e.,amount to 768,207 tons of carbon dioxide） carbon was exported abroad from 2007 to 2010,and 314,580,798 U.S.dollars of the international C-trade transactions was covertly gained based on the C-trade-transaction price（40.95 U.S.dollars per ton）,simultaneously.So the rice-straw export plays active contribution in the emission reduction of glasshouse gas（here,atmospheric CO2） for our country.（3） The kinds of enterprises engaging in the rice-straw export to Japanese increased from 4 to 7,composed mainly of collective and private owned enterprises,and sino-foreign joint and foreign-individual-ownership ventures.Finally,the conclusions were reached that the rice-straw export not only realizes foreign exchange earning,serves the three dimensional rural issues,but also improves the agro-ecosystem environment,gains better ecologic benefits and higher ecologic values as well.