从翻译适应选择论看译者主体性的选择与适应——以鲁迅早期科学译著的选材与翻译策略为例

Translators' Selection and Adaptation:An Approach to Translation as Adaptation and Selection——A Case Study of Lu Xun's Selection of Source Texts and Translation Strategies in His Translation of Foreign Science Fiction

翻译适应选择论将达尔文生物进化论中的"自然选择"、"适者生存"学说引入翻译理论研究中,凸显了译者的主体性,为翻译研究开辟了一条新路径。根据翻译适应选择论,"翻译生态环境"指的是原语、译者、译语和读者所呈现的多元世界。在翻译适应选择论的视角下,本文以鲁迅早期科学译著的选材与翻译策略为例,指出为了实现翻译的某一预期目的和社会功用,译者在受制于多元的翻译生态环境的同时要充分发挥主观能动性,选择合适的源语文本以适应特定的翻译生态环境,选择合适的翻译策略以实现多维度适应性选择转换。

An Approach to Translation as Adaptation and Selection（TAS） aims to introduce ＂natural selection＂ and ＂survival of the fittest＂ of Darwinist Evolution Theory into the field of translation theory, highlighting the translators＇ subjectivity, so it provides a new perspective for translation studies. According to TAS, the eco-environment of translating refers to various worlds embodying in various rela- tionships among the source text, the translator, the source language and the target readers. This paper, based on TAS, probes into Lu Xun＇s selection of source texts and translation strategies, and points out that with the intended purpose and the social function of translation, translator, restricted by different eco-environments of translating, should select the appropriate source texts to adapt to the specific ecoenvironment of translating and should choose the appropriate translation strategies to achieve the adaptive transformation of different dimensions.