维持性血液透析患者骨质疏松症患病情况分析及护理对策

Analysis of osteoporosis features and nursing proposals in maintenance hemodialysis patients

目的 探讨维持性血液透析患者骨质疏松症患病情况及其护理对策.方法 选择85例维持性血液透析患者按性别、年龄分组,调查身高、体重、骨折等资料,检测正位腰椎、股骨骨密度.用SSPS 11.0软件进行统计学分析.结果 老年患骨质疏松症的患病率为79.2%（38/48）,中青年患者的患病率为59.5%（22/37）;女性为77.8%（28/36）,男性为65.3%（32/49）;老年组高于中青年组,差异有统计学意义高、性别差异小.骨质疏松症应早期预防、加强护理,以减少维持性血液透析患者的致残率和病死率.

Objective To explore the osteoporosis features and related nursing planning in maintenance hemodialysis（MHD）patients.Methods Eighty-five MHD patients were selected and divided into different groups by age and sex,and the data of height,weight and fracture conditions were collected,as well as the bone mineral densities （BMD） of anteroposterior lumbar spine and femur detected by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DEXA）.The SPSS 11.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of osteoporosis in the aged groups was 79.17%（38/48）,significantly higher than that in the middle-aged groups（χ2=3.91,P〈0.05）.The prevalence in the female was 77.78%（28/36）,showing no significant difference from that（65.31%,32/49）in the male.Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in the MHD patients is significantly high,indicating that the MHD patients with osteoporosis should be given an earlier prevention and a proper care to reduce the morbidity and mortality.