我国甘蔗主要杂交亲本黄叶病病原鉴定及田间发病率

Pathogenic identification of sugarcane yellow leaf disease and incidence of disease-infected plant in main sugarcane parental clones in China

甘蔗黄叶病是一种发生普遍、危害严重的病毒病害,选育抗病品种是控制该病发生与蔓延的有效措施。利用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、组织印迹杂交免疫测定(TB IA)和抗原直接包被酶联免疫吸附(DAC-ELISA)方法对我国43份甘蔗主要杂交亲本黄叶病病原(Sugarcane yellowleafvirus,SCYLV)进行鉴定,并调查SCYLV田间自然侵染条件下甘蔗黄叶病发病率。已明确36份亲本材料感染或未感染SCYLV,其中32份鉴定结果为阳性,品种(系)感病率达88.9%。甘蔗植株田间自然发病率可分为无发病、发病率低、中等和高4个等级,方差分析表明,各等级间的植株发病率差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。从美国引进的多数CP和HoCP系列亲本发病率较高,而多数崖城和新台糖系列亲本材料的发病率较低,可作为甘蔗抗黄叶病杂交亲本。

Sugarcane yellow leaf disease（SCYLD） is a prevalent and serious viral disease.Breeding of disease-resistance varieties is the most efficient and economical way to control the infection and overspread of the disease.Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）,tissue blot immunoassay（TBIA） and direct-antigen coating enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（DAC-ELISA） methods,the presence of SCYLD pathogen,Sugarcane yellow leaf virus（SCYLV）,was diagnosed in 43 major crossing parental clones.Incidence of SCYLD was also investigated upon natural infection of SCYLV in the field.Definitive data were obtained for 36 clones,of which 32（88.9%） were infected with the SCYLV.The disease incidence was rated either as symptom-free,low,medium,or high.There were significant differences（P0.01） among these ratings based on ANOVA analysis.The disease incidence ratings of 16 clones were above the medium level,including most of the CP and HoCP clones introduced from the U.S.The Yacheng（YC） and ROC clones were rated either symptom-free or low,indicating that these domestic YC and ROC clones can be utilized as SCYLV-resistant parents in sugarcane breeding.