新生儿惊厥56例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 56 cases with neonatal convulsions

目的:分析新生儿惊厥相关病因,为有效地预防新生儿惊厥的发生提供依据。方法:回顾性分析56例新生儿惊厥的临床资料,分析不同日龄新生儿惊厥的病因、惊厥发作形式以及相关的实验室和影像学检查结果。结果:由围产因素导致的缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)和颅内出血(ICH)为新生儿惊厥的主要原因,其中HIE 31例(55.36%),ICH 8例(14.29%);其次为低钙血症和感染因素,各6例(10.71%)。3 d内发病占大多数,为69.64%。结论:多种病因可导致新生儿惊厥,以围产期因素最多见;而微小型发作是新生儿惊厥的主要表现形式,且易被临床忽略。应建立完善的围生期保健制度,加强高危新生儿监护,提高产科技术,有助于降低发病率、后遗症及死亡率。

Objective： To explore etiology of neonatal convulsions and provide evidence for prevention and treatment.Methods： Clinical data of 56 infants with neonatal convulsions were analyzed retrospectively,including cause,mode of onset,results of laboratory test and imageological test.Results： A total of 31 cases had anoxic ischemic encephalopathy（HIE）（55.36%） and 8 cases had intracranial hemorrhage（ICH）（14.08%） due to perinatal factors.Six were due to hypocalcemia（10.71%） and 6 due to infections.A total of 69.64% had onset in 3 days.Conclusions： Neonatal convulsions can be caused by many factors,mostly perinatal factors.Slight onset is the main mode and is likely to be neglected.The complete health caring system should be established,infants monitoring should be strengthened and technique should be improved.It can help to reduce the incidence and fatality.