湖南省主产烟区土壤养分变化研究

Monitoring Report of Nutrients in Tobacco-growing Soil in Hunan Province

在湖南省33个烟叶主产县(区)的67个乡(镇)设立监测点,比较分析了2008年和2000年各监测点的土壤养分。结果表明:连续耕种8 a后,湖南省植烟土壤养分中,除土壤有机质、全磷含量有所下降,水溶性氯含量明显下降外,全氮、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效硫、有效锌和有效硼含量均有提高,特别是有效磷、速效钾、交换性镁及微量元素硼、锌含量明显提高。不同植烟区的土壤养分变化动态不尽相同。因此,应因地制宜制定和调整烟草施肥方案,以确保湖南省烟叶生产的可持续发展。

In this study,67 monitoring points which distributed in 32 major tobacco planting counties of Hunan province were established.The data of soil nutrient from these monitoring points in 2008 and in 2000 were analyzed and compared.The results showed that after continuous cultivation for eight years,the contents of soil organic matter and total P decreased;the content of water-soluble Cl decreased significantly;the contents of total N,total K,available N,available P,available K,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium,available S,available Zn and available B all increased,in which the contents of available P,available K,exchangeable magnesium and contents of minor elements（B and Zn） increased obviously.The change trend of soil nutrient was different in different tobacco-growing areas.Therefore,in order to ensure the sustainable development of tobacco production in Hunan Province,it should adjust fertilization scheme for tobacco according to the local conditions.