学术剽窃行为犯罪化之否定论

Criminalization of academic misconduct should be questioned

我国的经济社会发展水平及文化道德观念、学术行为及学术成果的公共性、我国与西方国家对违法行为的控制模式的不同决定了我们以外国法为据要求将学术剽窃行为犯罪化并不具有正当性。如果效法西方部分国家将学术剽窃行为犯罪化,则无法取得预期的社会效益,也有损于学术自由;并将会面临巨大的刑法成本支出,有违刑法的效益原则。我国学术规范的建设和教育尚待深入,学术自治远未实现;规制学术剽窃行为的学术惩戒规范及民法业已存在,但尚不健全且未得到有效实施,所以,学术剽窃行为的犯罪化并不符合刑法的必要性原则。因此,对学术剽窃行为的规制应以努力改革学术管理体制,实现学术自治,同时建立健全学术惩戒规则、民法等学术剽窃行为规制制度为优先选择,而不宜贸然进行学术剽窃行为的犯罪化。

China＇s economic and social development and cultural moral concept,academic behavior,the public nature of academic products,China and the western countries is different for violations of the control mode,Therefore,China＇s Criminalization of academic misconduct is not justified China＇s academic norms and construction of education,academic autonomy pending further realization far,Regulation of academic misconduct academic discipline norms and law exists,but it is not perfect and effectively implemented.In this case,the academic misconduct criminal crime doesn＇t accord with the principle of necessity.If we will academic misconduct following the western countries,So,we can obtain the social benefit,this is detrimental to the academic freedom,We will be faced with the huge costs of criminal law of criminal law,it violated the principles of efficiency.Therefore,the regulation of academic misconduct should make great efforts to reform the academic management system,realizing the academic autonomy and academic discipline,establish rules and civil system of academic misconduct,etc,this is the preferred choice of academic misconduct.