黄河下游灌区河南段农业非点源污染现状及原因分析

Situation and Cause of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Henan in Irrigation District of the Lower Yellow River

探明黄河下游大型灌区农业非点源污染状况,对区域环境质量安全和农业可持续发展具有重大意义。笔者分析了近年来黄河下游灌区河南段农业非点源污染相关数据,概述了该地区农业非点源污染形成的主要原因,指出了农用化学物质的不合理使用、生活与养殖废弃物随意排放等均不同程度地产生了农业污染,对地下水水质造成了影响。地下水硝态氮平均含量达9.31mg/L,接近世界卫生组织地下水硝态氮含量的最大允许浓度。畜禽排泄物中COD和氨氮量分别为458.15万t和44.86万t,是河南省工业及生活污水产生COD和氨氮量的7.03倍和5.89倍。

To ascertain the situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in Henan irrigation district had an important significance on environmental quality security and agricultural sustainable development of the Yellow River valley. Relative data about the issue of agricultural non-point source pollution of henan section in the lower Yellow River were analyzed in the study. And the author summed up the major factors of forming agricultural non-point source pollution. Then pointed out that the unreasonable use of agricultural chemicals and the discharge of living garbage and livestock waste caused different agricultural pollution. The different agricultural pollutants resulted in deterioration of groundwater. The average concentration of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater was 9.31 mg/L, close to the maximum concentration provided by the world health organization. The concentration of COD and ammonia nitrogen were 4.5815×106 t and 4.486×105 t respectively, which were 7.03 and 5.89 times of those of industrial and domestic sewage in the whole province.