商代金文字频分级的初步研究

On The Frequency Classification of the Inscriptions on Bronze of Shang Dynasty

以2009年底已公开发表的商代金文材料为限,商代金文可归纳出字头1343个,可释单字569字。其中,常用字即出现频率在10次及其以上的单字计203字,次常用字即出现频率在2次及其以上至10次的单字计515字,罕见字即出现频率为1次的单字计625字。"父"的出现频率最高,过千次。"亚"的出现频率仅次于"父"。商代金文高频字中无虚词、动词、数词,全为名词,主要是天干和亲属称谓用字。

Up till the end of 2009,we conclude that the number of characters on bronzes of Shang Dynasty is 1343,and 569 of which can be explained by present-day words.The number of the frequent characters which have more than 10 frequency is 203.The number of those less frequently used characters which have more than 2 frequency and less than 10 is 515.The number of the infrequent characters which only have 1 frequency is 625.Among them,the most frequent character is 父,which exceeds thousand.The next one was 亚.In the high-frequency characters,there are no function words,verbs and numbers.All of them are nouns,such as the ten heavenly stems,the twelve rarthly branches and the appellation of relatives.