核桃仁维生素E含量分析研究

The Analysis for Tocopherol Content of Kernel in Juglans

以普通核桃材料10份,黑核桃2份,小果黑核桃和野核桃各1份,共14份样品为供试材料。采用高效液相色谱技术,连续2 a测定了供试材料坚果仁中α、β、γ、δ-生育酚含量,分析了生育酚含量及其与坚果性状的相关性。结果表明,在4个核桃属树种中,各类生育酚含量在树种间具有极显著差异,而且在不同年份间也有差别。在4个核桃属树种中,生育酚总含量变幅在(8.51±0.09)^(35.28±1.23)mg/100 g之间。γ-生育酚是核桃维生素E的主要组分,其次是δ-生育酚和α-生育酚,β-生育酚含量极低。γ-生育酚和生育酚总含量有极显著正相关(r=0.981,P(0.01),出仁率与β-生育酚有显著正相关(r=0.553,P(0.05)。对供试的10个普通核桃样本生育酚含量分析结果显示,各类生育酚含量在供试个体间也具有极显著差异,生育酚总含量变幅在(5.57±0.20)^(18.99±0.45)mg/100 g之间,γ-生育酚含量在(3.83±0.13)^(14.88±0.40)mg/100 g之间,δ-生育酚含量(0.67±0.15)^(3.59±0.26)mg/100 g之间,α-生育酚含量变幅在(0.09±0.01)^(0.95±0.05)mg/100 g之间,β-生育酚含量较低,在(0.00±0.00)^(0.33±0.01)mg/100 g之间。t测验显示,不同年份中供试普通核桃的生育酚总含量和各组分含量也有极显著差异,不同年份中供试普通核桃材料间差异的排序不尽一致。在供试元林×青林杂交组合6个F1单株中,生育酚总含量和各组分含量都具有超亲遗传现象。

Fourteen samples were chosen as study materials,including ten samples of Juglans regia,two samples of J.nigra,one sample of J.microcarpa and one sample of J.cathayensis.The HPLC technique was used to determine the content of α,β,γ,δ-tocopherol and the correlation among the content of tocopherol with the nut traits was analyzed.The results showed that the differences of tocopherol contents among four species of Juglans genus were very significant in 2008 and 2009 respectively.The total tocopherol content of four Juglans species were ranging from（8.51±0.09）to（35.28±1.23） mg/100 g.The total tocopherol mean values（8.51±0.09） mg/100 g in 2008 and（13.11±0.17） mg/100 g in 2009 of J.nigra were lower than those of others significantly at P〈0.01.Γ-Tocopherol and total tocopherol contents were significantly and positively correlated（r=0.981,P〈0.01）,and the rate of walnut kernel yield with tocopherol contents was positively correlated（r=0.553,P〈0.05）.In four varieties and six F1 hybrids of Yuanlin × Qinglin from J.regia,the total tocopherol content was ranging from（5.57±0.20） to（18.99±0.45） mg/100 g.γ-Tocopherol was ranging from（3.83±0.13） to（14.88±0.40） mg/100g,and δ-and α-tocopherols from（0.67±0.15） to（3.59±0.26） mg/100 g and from（0.09±0.01） to（0.95±0.05） mg/100 g respectively.β-Tocopherol was the lowest,ranging from（0.00±0.00） to（0.33±0.01） mg/100 g.The analysis also showed that the differences of tocopherol contents among the ten samples of J.regia were also very significant in two years by t test.There were transgressive inheritance in tocopherol content of six hybrids form Yuanlin × Qinglin.