黔中地区杂交稻播始历期与若干经济性状的相关性分析

Correlation and Path Analysis between Duration from Seeding to Heading,Temperature and Economic Trait of Hybrid Rice in the Middle Zone of Guizhou

贵州黔中地区是典型的喀斯特山区,生态复杂,气候多变,水稻生长后期易受低温影响造成减产。为选育适合黔中地区特殊气候环境种植的杂交水稻,选用安顺市农业科学研究所选育的耐冷性三系不育系与大面积推广的恢复系配组进行试验,结果表明:播始平均温度与穗总粒、穗实粒呈负相关;通过逐步回归和通径分析,发现每穗总粒对单株粒重的直接贡献最大,而每穗实粒数的直接作用负效应最高。该地区的育种栽培目标是严格控制生育期,选择大穗型,协调穗粒与群体间结构。

Because of a typical karst landform in the middle zone of Guizhou, there was a complex ecology and changeful climate which lead a loss of rice yield for a low temperature influence in the latter phase of rice growth period. In order to breed the rice variety which adapt to this region＇ s climate, the hybrid variety was bred with two parents of cold resistance sterile line and elite restore line in this study. The results showed that the negative correlation was present between the mean temperature from Seeding to Heading and the number of spikelet per panicle, the number of grain per panicle. Stepwise regression and path analysis result showed that totle grains/ panicle had the largest influence for grain weight/plant, but filled spikelets/panicle had the largest negative effect. The conclusion was that the rice planting and breeding object was strictly controlling the rice growth period, choosing larger panicle＇ s variety and balancing the grain number with population structure.