新型吸油纤维的制备及其吸油性能研究

Study on the preparation of one new type oil-absorbent fiber and oil absorptive properties

采用悬浮聚合法,在H2O2-黄原酸酯和H2O2-FeSO4双重氧化还原体系引发下,棉纤维接枝亲油单体BMA制备成吸油纤维。通过扫描电镜观察证实了吸油纤维表面BMA层的存在,并对吸油纤维进行水面浮油吸附实验,考察了接枝率、溶液pH、温度、吸附时间等因素对吸油纤维吸油能力的影响,结果显示随着接枝率的增加吸油纤维的吸油能力呈先快速增强后缓慢减弱,当接枝率为147%时吸油能力最强,吸油量达6.75g/g;pH、温度、时间对吸油纤维的影响呈渐增趋势,但其增幅依次减小。采用石油醚萃取吸油纤维吸附的浮油,浮油解吸率可达90%以上;再生后的吸油纤维仍然具有很强的吸油能力,可以多次重复使用。

This experiment used the suspension polymerizattun, under the dual oxidation-reduction system of H_2O_2-xanthate and H-2O_2-FeSO_4 initiating, the lipophilic-monomer of BMA is grafted on the frame of cotton fi- ber which prepares absorbing oil fiber. It has proved that the layer of BMA is existed by the observing of SEM, and makes the experiment of adsorbing to floating oil in solution for the absorbing oil fiber. In this paper, it studies the effect of grafting ratio, pH of solution, temperature and time on the absorbing ability of the absorb ing oil fiber. It shows that the absorbing ability of oil absorbent fiber is increased rapidly then decreased slowly with increasing of grafting ratio, when the grafting ratio is 147%, the absorbing oil ability is the strongest, oil absorption is 6.75g/g; the effect of pH, temperature and time on the absorbing oil fiber presents gradually in- creasing, but the increasing extent decreases successively. Using petroleum ether to extract the floating oil of the absorbing oil fiber who adsorbs, and the desorption rate of floating oil is up 90%; After desorbing and re- generating, the oil absorbent fiber still has a strong ability of adsorbing and could be used repeatedly many times.