竹材的力学性能及磨料磨损性能研究

A Study of the Mechanical Properties and Abrasive Wear Properties of Bamboo

对天然竹材的力学性能以及磨料磨损性能进行了研究。竹材的拉伸强度、弹性模量、断裂延伸率和冲击韧性均在一定的范围内随纤维含量的增加而提高,顺纹拉伸强度比横纹抗拉强度大2 9倍以上,弹性模量为横纹的1.2倍以上,断裂延伸率为横纹的1 3倍以上。顺纹拉伸和冲击断口有明显的纤维拔出特征;而横纹拉伸和冲击断口具有解理断裂特征,为典型的脆性断裂断口。竹纤维具有比基体高的耐磨性,磨损表面以微犁切和微开裂为主要损伤特征。竹材的耐磨性能随竹纤维含量的升高而提高。

The mechanical property and abrasive wear of natural bamboo were studied.The tensile strength,elastic modulus,fracture elongation and impact toughness of natural bamboo increased with the content of the fiber.The tensile strength of the longitudinal grain is 29 times higher,elastic modulus 1.2 times higher and fracture elongation 13 times higher than that to the cross grain.The tensile and impact fracture of the longitudinal grain have obvious fiber pull-out characteristics.The tensile and impact fracture of the cross grain have cleavage fracture characteristics,presenting a typical brittle fracture.Bamboo fiber has higher wear resistance than the matrix,the main damage characteristics of the worn surface is micro-ploughing and micro-cracking.The wear resistance of natural bamboo increased with the content of the fiber.