1990—2007年中国居民主观幸福感的影响因素研究

Subjective Well-being and Its Factors in China from 1990 to 2007

对世界价值观调查数据中1990—2007年的中国部分数据进行分析,可以了解近20年来中国居民主观幸福感的变化趋势和影响因素。通过描述统计和分层回归模型分析,研究发现:近20年来,中国居民的主观幸福感呈下降趋势;人口学变量中的性别、年龄、健康、婚姻、教育和工作都对主观幸福感有影响;相对收入和社会失范对主观幸福感的影响比较大。为了提高中国居民的主观幸福感,在增加绝对收入的同时,缩小社会的相对收入和搞好精神文明建设是非常重要的。

By analyzing data from four Chinese surveys conducted as part of the World Values Survey （WVS） in 1990-2007, this paper studies Chinese residents′subjective well-being （SWB） change trend and decision factors. The research indicates：first, in the past twenty years, Chinese residents′subjective well-being declined; second, the demographic variables of gender, age, health, education, work and marriage have impacts on SWB;third, relative income and social anomie are increasingly important factors in depressing SWB. In order to improve China′s SWB, it is very necessary to construct social spiritual civilization and to reduce relative income gap while further increasing absolute income.