瓶颈路段交通改善实证研究

Empirical Study for Improving the Traffic Conditions at Bottleneck Road Sections

城市道路路网中,瓶颈路段的存在对路网通行能力有显著的影响.本文归纳了瓶颈路段存在的两类常见问题:由于拆迁、开发遗留等造成的瓶颈路拥堵;以及铁路、桥等阻碍造成的瓶颈路拥堵.对断头路、瓶颈路的改善措施进行了梳理.结合姚家园路区域-朝阳公园桥案例展开了实证研究,研究表明,断头路的存在对路网的通达性有明显影响;合理调节支路的分流量,可以减轻路网节点的拥堵程度;打通断头路,路网的非直线系数提高,更加方便路网中节点的交流;畸形交叉口的改善,使路网的连接度提高17.5%.

The road sections as bottlenecks of a road network decrease the traffic capacity of the road network significantly.The reasons for making bottleneck road sections are summarized in this study.They include the bad planning of the urban roads in the process of urban development and the influence from the railway lines and bridges in the urban areas.Based on the study of the Chaoyang Park Bridge around Yaojiayuan Road,it is proved that break road sections have a significant impact on the capacity of the road network and sharing part of the traffic volume on arterial roads to branch roads can release the congestion level at the nodes the road network.Smoothing break road sections can increase the value of the non-linear coefficient of the road network and make the connections between the nodes of the road network more easily.Moreover,improving the traffic conditions at intersections whose configurations are irregular can increase the accessibility of the road network by 17.5%.